You can rest assured, along with – and especially – certainly experts, that our intellectual words is highly organized. There are a lot of relationships between the single conditions out-of a vocabulary and also the meanings ones terminology, respectively. Certainly linguists, these types of connections are known as “semantic relations”, “sense relations” or “lexical relationships”. These types of semantic interactions will likely be analysed and you can discussed for the most region, plus in the following, initial of them of those connections can be exhibited.

In order to bring an initial, crucial breakdown of up to date, it should be mentioned that there are several research projects with this topic. Although not, this paper is only able to were a lot of them. Books that was used is present less than area half a dozen, “Listing of Really works Cited”. Enterprise delimitations have only already been made as far as outline try alarmed. Because this papers is only an extremely quick bit of browse, the brand new article authors has restricted by themselves not to ever go into excessively detail, but instead try to provide a beneficial questionnaire of the procedure.

2.step 1 Polysemy And you will Homonymy

Polysemy can be described as “an expression used in semantic study to mention to help you an excellent lexical goods which has various additional definitions” (Amazingly 1997, 297). Amazingly brings given that example for polysemy the latest lexical goods “plain”, which includes various definitions “clear”, “unadorned”, “obvious”, etc.(ibid. Crystal).

Now, the issue you to definitely arises to own linguists is precisely how to identify polysemy off a unique ambiguity, out of homonymy. Crystal describes homonymy because the “a phrase used in semantic research to refer to [2 or more] lexical goods that [affect] have the same mode, but differ inside the definition” (Amazingly 1997, 185). Crystal’s examples listed here are “bear” and you may “ear”. “Bear” can be identify an animal or may have the definition regarding “to take”, “ear” is consider the human body or even corn (ibid. Crystal).

On these instances, homonymy covers both verbal and created variations, however it is also possible that the fresh name from a few lexemes is during one medium, in which case linguists manage speak of limited homonymy otherwise heteronymy (ibid. Crystal). It’s possible to distinguish two types of limited homonymy:

– Homography: one or two lexical items have the same created function, however, differ within the pronunciation (an example will be several lexical items of “lead”, one to noticable [li:d] and definition “to be in side”, another obvious [led] and defining a different sort of variety of steel). – Homophony: a couple lexical points have the same enunciation, however, disagree when you look at the spelling

(elizabeth.grams. the two lexical factors “led” and you will “lead”, all of which are obvious [led], the first as being the prior demanding out-of “to lead”, aforementioned again identifying a different types of material).

2 types Out-of Ambiguity

For this reason, polysemy and you can homonymy would be renowned off both because of the established or shed relatedness between the definitions which can be allocated to a single phonological setting. What is the core of your count, is the matter as to what the total amount this concept away from “relatedness” will likely be specified. Quite simply: just how can “relatedness” getting discussed? In the event the an obvious and direct definition was given, the whole condition will be repaired, to own then your phenomenon out-of phonological versions whose relatedness is going to be turned-out could be entitled “homonymy”, whoever relatedness can not be turned-out was titled “polysemy”. Yet not, because happens so often in the field of semantics, one cannot simply give an obvious and you may indisputable concept of the expression “relatedness”. There are two main basic approaches to this issue, that provided by historical semantics, one other by the synchronic semantics.

Historical semantics interprets the notion “relatedness” primarily genetically and therefore speaks regarding polysemy if the a good lexeme with other meanings carries the same etymological sources (Kastovsky 1982, 121). Instances try “game” on several definitions “wild animals” and you can “playful hobby” or “funny” definition possibly “strange” or “amusing”. One another advice reveal lexemes whose some other significance http://www.datingranking.net/pl/snapsext-recenzja/ have a similar etymological roots and are for this reason interpreted just like the polysemy of the historic semantics.